Author
Chandra Moffat
chandra.moffat@agr.gc.ca
Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada
Coauthors
Hester Williams, BSI-Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research group
Sonja Stutz, CABI Switzerland
Phil Weyl, CABI Switzerland
Francesca Marini, iotechnology and Biological Control Agency, Rome
Abstract
Biological control programs typically target invasive species directly, but indirect biocontrol – reducing the abundance of a species that a target invader depends on – may also be effective. The spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula, SLF), invasive in the U.S. since 2014, poses major threats to horticulture, forestry, and natural ecosystems, and is now approaching Canada. No host-specific biocontrol agents have yet been identified for SLF, and current management relies heavily on insecticides. However, SLF has a strong association with the invasive Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima, ToH), a preferred host that supports its development and reproduction, though SLF can survive without it. ToH is widespread in parts of the U.S. and Canada, often overlapping with grape-growing regions. We began investigating ToH in 2019 due to its own severe environmental impacts and are now assessing the feasibility of a biocontrol program in Canada. Two candidate agents are under consideration for release. If approved and effective in reducing ToH abundance, this program could serve as an indirect biocontrol strategy for SLF by limiting its preferred host and reducing its potential for establishment and spread, particularly in Canada.
Keywords
Tree of heaven
Spotted lanternfly
Indirect biocontrol
Grape industry
Highlights
Targeting Tree of Heaven may offer indirect biocontrol for Spotted Lanternfly (SLF).
Two biocontrol agents for Tree of Heaven are under review for release in Canada.
Reducing Tree of Heaven could limit SLF spread in key Canadian grape-growing regions.